

These problems are shown to be characterised by connectedness, complexity, uncertainty, disputed science, conflict, multiple stakeholders and an associated multiplicity of perspectives and values. Infrastructure shortfalls, a two-speed economy, widening social divisions, threatened livelihoods and stress in the face of rapid and far-reaching change associated with a new industry are evident in the words of those experiencing the impacts that provide the data reported in the paper. The effects of these multiple industries on each other, on environmental assets, infrastructure and economic and social systems entail many risks. The region has become a locus of land use conflict between various industries: farming, grazing, mining and gas extraction.

This article reports on a study of an agricultural region in southeast Queensland, Australia that is undergoing rapid change with development of an extensive coal seam gas industry and some large open cut coal mines.
